Radiographic Techniques for Mandibular Teeth in Horses

In veterinary practice, dental radiography is essential for diagnosing various dental conditions in equines. This article outlines a practical approach to taking radiographs of mandibular teeth, especially in younger horses exhibiting symptoms like swelling under the jaw.

The Importance of Radiography

When faced with a young horse—typically under five years old—showing signs of swelling, it's crucial to conduct a thorough examination, particularly if the oral cavity appears normal. One common issue that could arise is an apical abscess, potentially stemming from a process known as anachoresis. Trauma could also be a contributing factor, making radiographic evaluation necessary.

Preparing for Radiography

To begin the procedure, proper positioning and equipment setup are vital. Here’s a step-by-step guide:

1. Mouth Block: Secure a block in the horse's incisors to hold the mouth open, providing better access to the area of interest.

2. Dental Halter: Use a dental halter to keep the horse calm and ensure that it doesn’t move during the procedure.

3. Plate Positioning: For the first view, place the radiographic plate on the horse's right side, as that’s where the problem is localized.

   
   

First Radiographic View: Ventral Dorsal Oblique

The initial radiograph should be taken in a ventral dorsal oblique position. Here’s how to execute this:

• Position the generator so that it shoots the beam upwards towards the plate, isolating the affected quadrant.

• After taking the first image, assess it for any abnormalities, such as lysis on the ventral aspect of the mandible. In this case, significant lysis might indicate an apical abscess.

Second Radiographic View: Dorsal Ventral Oblique

To gain a more comprehensive understanding of the dental issue, a second view is necessary:

1. Change Plate Positioning: This time, place the plate underneath the horse's jaw to capture a dorsal ventral oblique image.

2. Adjust Generator Positioning: Direct the beam from the horse's right side, ensuring proper exposure and angle.

Comparing both views allows for a clearer diagnosis. The second view can reveal subtleties that the first might miss, particularly when differentiating between trauma and a natural abscess.

Importance of Contralateral Views

To avoid misinterpretation, always consider taking a contralateral view. Examining both sides provides context, making it easier to distinguish between normal anatomical structures and pathological findings.

Conclusion

Taking radiographs of mandibular teeth in horses is a straightforward yet crucial aspect of equine dental care. By following the outlined techniques and ensuring proper sedation and positioning, veterinarians can obtain valuable diagnostic images. As with any aspect of veterinary medicine, the process should be enjoyable, emphasizing the rewarding nature of dental diagnosis.